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Surfactants (cleansers): These are the main detergents that loosen/ lift oils, dirt and grime from the hair and scalp. For example, common ones include sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or sodium laureth sulfate.
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Conditioning agents: After cleansing, these help smooth the hair shaft, reduce static/frizz, improve glide and manageability.
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Special actives: For targeted conditions — e.g. anti-dandruff ingredients, hair-fall management ingredients, colour protection, etc.
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pH and formulation factors: The pH, viscosity, type of surfactants influence how gentle/harsh the shampoo is, how it interacts with hair cuticle, scalp barrier.
Uses & Benefits of Shampoo
Using shampoo appropriately offers many advantages:
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Cleans hair and scalp of oil, sweat, and buildup — helps hair look and feel cleaner.
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Helps maintain scalp hygiene.
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Keeps hair manageable: conditioning ingredients can help with detangling, smoothing.Specialized shampoos can help treat scalp issues (e.g. dandruff, fungal conditions, medicated care).
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Many formulations also consider hair types / concerns (color-treated, dry, oily, sensitive scalp etc.).